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与 ruby 冲突
ctex包与cjk当中的ruby产生了冲突。使用的ctex包的版本为2.5.2 (4819efe)，使用了 TeXLive 2020 （具体而言是XeLaTeX），操作系统为macOS 10.15。
如果同时引入ctex和ruby，XeLaTeX在编译文档时将会报错（LaTeX Error: Command \CJKglue already defined.）。如果文档中只含有英文，则报错后仍然可以生成可读的PDF文档；如果文档中含有中文字符，则无法生成文档。
以下是产生错误的一个例子：
%!TEX TS-program=xelatex
\documentclass{article}
\usepackage[UTF8]{ctex}
\usepackage{ruby}
\begin{document}
\ruby{四种脱氧核糖核苷酸}{AGCT}
\end{document}
这是对应的终端输出：
This is XeTeX, Version 3.14159265-2.6-0.999992 (TeX Live 2020) (preloaded format=xelatex)
restricted \write18 enabled.
entering extended mode
(/Users/kevin/Desktop/folder/ctex-with-ruby.tex
LaTeX2e <2020-02-02> patch level 5
L3 programming layer <2020-05-15> (/usr/local/texlive/2020/texmf-dist/tex/latex/base/article.cls
Document Class: article 2019/12/20 v1.4l Standard LaTeX document class
(/usr/local/texlive/2020/texmf-dist/tex/latex/base/size10.clo)) (/usr/local/texlive/2020/texmf-dist/tex/latex/ctex/ctex.sty (/usr/local/texlive/2020/texmf-dist/tex/latex/l3kernel/expl3.sty (/usr/local/texlive/2020/texmf-dist/tex/latex/l3backend/l3backend-xdvipdfmx.def)) (/usr/local/texlive/2020/texmf-dist/tex/latex/l3packages/xparse/xparse.sty (/usr/local/texlive/2020/texmf-dist/tex/latex/l3packages/xparse/xparse-generic.tex)) (/usr/local/texlive/2020/texmf-dist/tex/latex/l3packages/l3keys2e/l3keys2e.sty) (/usr/local/texlive/2020/texmf-dist/tex/latex/ctex/ctexhook.sty) (/usr/local/texlive/2020/texmf-dist/tex/latex/ctex/ctexpatch.sty) (/usr/local/texlive/2020/texmf-dist/tex/latex/base/fix-cm.sty (/usr/local/texlive/2020/texmf-dist/tex/latex/base/ts1enc.def)) (/usr/local/texlive/2020/texmf-dist/tex/latex/ms/everysel.sty) (/usr/local/texlive/2020/texmf-dist/tex/latex/ctex/config/ctexopts.cfg) (/usr/local/texlive/2020/texmf-dist/tex/latex/ctex/engine/ctex-engine-xetex.def (/usr/local/texlive/2020/texmf-dist/tex/xelatex/xecjk/xeCJK.sty (/usr/local/texlive/2020/texmf-dist/tex/latex/l3packages/xtemplate/xtemplate.sty) (/usr/local/texlive/2020/texmf-dist/tex/latex/fontspec/fontspec.sty (/usr/local/texlive/2020/texmf-dist/tex/latex/fontspec/fontspec-xetex.sty (/usr/local/texlive/2020/texmf-dist/tex/latex/base/fontenc.sty) (/usr/local/texlive/2020/texmf-dist/tex/latex/fontspec/fontspec.cfg))) (/usr/local/texlive/2020/texmf-dist/tex/xelatex/xecjk/xeCJK.cfg))) (/usr/local/texlive/2020/texmf-dist/tex/latex/zhnumber/zhnumber.sty (/usr/local/texlive/2020/texmf-dist/tex/latex/zhnumber/zhnumber-utf8.cfg)) (/usr/local/texlive/2020/texmf-dist/tex/latex/ctex/scheme/ctex-scheme-chinese.def (/usr/local/texlive/2020/texmf-dist/tex/latex/ctex/config/ctex-name-utf8.cfg)) (/usr/local/texlive/2020/texmf-dist/tex/latex/tools/indentfirst.sty) (/usr/local/texlive/2020/texmf-dist/tex/latex/ctex/ctex-c5size.clo) (/usr/local/texlive/2020/texmf-dist/tex/latex/ctex/fontset/ctex-fontset-mac.def (/usr/local/texlive/2020/texmf-dist/tex/latex/ctex/fontset/ctex-fontset-macnew.def
Package fontspec Warning: Font "Songti SC Light" does not contain requested
(fontspec) Script "CJK".
))) (/usr/local/texlive/2020/texmf-dist/tex/latex/ctex/config/ctex.cfg) (/usr/local/texlive/2020/texmf-dist/tex/latex/cjk/texinput/ruby.sty (/usr/local/texlive/2020/texmf-dist/tex/latex/cjk/texinput/CJK.sty (/usr/local/texlive/2020/texmf-dist/tex/latex/cjk/texinput/mule/MULEenc.sty) (/usr/local/texlive/2020/texmf-dist/tex/latex/cjk/texinput/CJK.enc)
/usr/local/texlive/2020/texmf-dist/tex/latex/cjk/texinput/CJK.sty:809: LaTeX Error: Command \CJKglue already defined.
Or name \end... illegal, see p.192 of the manual.
See the LaTeX manual or LaTeX Companion for explanation.
Type H <return> for immediate help.
...
l.809 ...glue}{\hskip \z@ \@plus .08\baselineskip}
))
No file ctex-with-ruby.aux.
ABD: EverySelectfont initializing macros
LaTeX Warning: Command \selectfont has changed.
Check if current package is valid.
/Users/kevin/Desktop/folder/ctex-with-ruby.tex:6: Missing number, treated as zero.
<to be read again>
四
l.6 \ruby{四种脱氧核糖核苷酸}{AGCT}
/Users/kevin/Desktop/folder/ctex-with-ruby.tex:6: Missing number, treated as zero.
<to be read again>
四
l.6 \ruby{四种脱氧核糖核苷酸}{AGCT}
/Users/kevin/Desktop/folder/ctex-with-ruby.tex:6: Missing number, treated as zero.
<to be read again>
脱
l.6 \ruby{四种脱氧核糖核苷酸}{AGCT}
/Users/kevin/Desktop/folder/ctex-with-ruby.tex:6: Missing number, treated as zero.
<to be read again>
脱
l.6 \ruby{四种脱氧核糖核苷酸}{AGCT}
/Users/kevin/Desktop/folder/ctex-with-ruby.tex:6: Missing number, treated as zero.
<to be read again>
核
l.6 \ruby{四种脱氧核糖核苷酸}{AGCT}
/Users/kevin/Desktop/folder/ctex-with-ruby.tex:6: Missing number, treated as zero.
<to be read again>
核
l.6 \ruby{四种脱氧核糖核苷酸}{AGCT}
/Users/kevin/Desktop/folder/ctex-with-ruby.tex:6: Missing number, treated as zero.
<to be read again>
核
l.6 \ruby{四种脱氧核糖核苷酸}{AGCT}
/Users/kevin/Desktop/folder/ctex-with-ruby.tex:6: Missing number, treated as zero.
<to be read again>
核
l.6 \ruby{四种脱氧核糖核苷酸}{AGCT}
/Users/kevin/Desktop/folder/ctex-with-ruby.tex:6: Missing number, treated as zero.
<to be read again>
酸
l.6 \ruby{四种脱氧核糖核苷酸}{AGCT}
/Users/kevin/Desktop/folder/ctex-with-ruby.tex:6: Missing number, treated as zero.
<to be read again>
酸
l.6 \ruby{四种脱氧核糖核苷酸}{AGCT}
(./ctex-with-ruby.aux) )
(\end occurred inside a group at level 1)
### simple group (level 1) entered at line 6 ({)
### bottom level
(see the transcript file for additional information)
No pages of output.
Transcript written on ctex-with-ruby.log.
ruby 包会引入 CJK 包，CJK 包与 xeCJK 冲突。暂时的解决方法是
%!TEX TS-program=xelatex
\documentclass{article}
\usepackage[UTF8]{ctex}
\ExplSyntaxOn
\ctex_at_begin_package:nn { ruby }
{ \tl_set:cn { [email protected] } { 9999/99/99 } }
\ctex_at_end_package:nn { ruby }
{ \cs_undefine:c { [email protected] } }
\ExplSyntaxOff
\usepackage{ruby}
\begin{document}
\ruby{四种脱氧核糖核苷酸}{AGCT}
\end{document}
这样能保证编译不出错。但是由于 CJK 包和 xeCJK 的实现不同，效果并不完全一致，长期目标是完全兼容 ruby。
xe 下似乎可用 pxrubica……希望将来能在 xpinyin 下扩展 ruby 功能
\documentclass{ctexart}
\usepackage{pxrubrica}
\begin{document}
\ruby{{四种脱氧核糖核苷酸}}{ACGT}
\end{document}
