[Proposal] Standardize REST API endpoints

[facundoolano]

The current API implementation doesn't follow common REST conventions, and part of its implementation makes it more difficult to implement clients for it (for example the use body in the GET requests).

Summary of suggested changes:

• don't use request body for GET requests (not all clients support this, e.g. the browser fetch doesn't). instead use the path vars for identifiers, querystring args for other parameters or http headers for sensitive information.
• add explicit api versioning (separate from testnet namespace),
• use nouns instead of verbs
• use plural for all entities
• don't use uris to fetch a specific attribute like height
• use querystrings to filter lists elements or fields within an object

Suggested endpoint changes:

GET /testnet3/block/{height} -> /api/v1/testnet3/blocks/{height}
GET /testnet3/latest/block -> /api/v1/testnet3/blocks/latest. alternatively, GET /api/v1/testnet3/blocks could return a list sorted by most recent
GET /testnet3/latest/height -> remove in favor of block attribute. if we want to fetch height only it can be /api/v1/testnet3/blocks/latest?fields=height
GET /testnet3/latest/hash -> remove in favor of block attribute. if we want to fetch height only it can be /api/v1/testnet3/blocks/latest?fields=hash
GET /testnet3/statePath/{commitment} -> /api/v1/testnet3/state-paths/{commitment}
GET /testnet3/records/all {JSON body} -> /api/v1/testnet3/records {view key in HTTP header}
GET /testnet3/records/spent {JSON body} -> /api/v1/testnet3/records?spent=true {view key in HTTP header}
GET /testnet3/records/unspent {JSON body} -> /api/v1/testnet3/records?spent=false {view key in HTTP header}
GET /testnet3/peers/count -> remove in favor of getting peer list, potentially with a total count if number is large
GET /testnet3/peers/all -> /api/v1/testnet3/peers
GET /testnet3/transactions/{height} -> /api/v1/testnet3/transactions/{height}
GET /testnet3/transaction/{id} -> /api/v1/testnet3/transactions/{id}
POST /testnet3/transaction/broadcast -> POST /api/v1/testnet3/transaction
POST /testnet3/program/deploy -> /api/v1/testnet3/programs/deployment
POST /testnet3/program/execute -> /api/v1/testnet3/programs/execution
GET /testnet3/program/program_id -> GET /api/v1/testnet3/programs/{id}