refactor: update `math/base/special/log10` to follow FreeBSD version `12.2.0`

[gunjjoshi]

Description

What is the purpose of this pull request?

This pull request:

• updates existing JavaScript implementation to follow FreeBSD version 12.2.0.
• adds a corresponding test.

Related Issues

None.

Questions

Any questions for reviewers of this pull request?

No.

Other

Any other information relevant to this pull request? This may include screenshots, references, and/or implementation notes.

• Code coverage report:

• FreeBSD log10 12.2.0: https://svnweb.freebsd.org/base/release/12.2.0/lib/msun/src/e_log10.c?revision=367086&view=markup

• This might be useful to review this PR: https://github.com/stdlib-js/stdlib/pull/2172

Checklist

Please ensure the following tasks are completed before submitting this pull request.

• [x] Read, understood, and followed the contributing guidelines.

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