[RFC]: improve type declarations for `@stdlib/ndarray/array`

[kgryte]

Description

This RFC proposes improving the TypeScript type declarations for @stdlib/ndarray/array. Currently, type declarations do not account for dtype information.

Ideally, we'd improve declarations such that

• based on a provided dtype option value, we return an ndarray of the corresponding type (e.g., if dtype = 'float64', then return a float64ndarray, etc).
• when not provided a dtype option value, we use the buffer argument/option to infer a corresponding output ndarray dtype.

Supporting the above is likely to require extensive use of function overloads in a manner to what we've done elsewhere in the project when a dtype can effect output results.

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Checklist

• [X] I have read and understood the Code of Conduct.
• [X] Searched for existing issues and pull requests.
• [X] The issue name begins with RFC:.

[itsspriyansh]

@kgryte I would like to work on this issue. Please assign to me.

[iItachiUchiha]

@kgryte I want to work on this issue please assign this issue to me.

[prajwalkulkarni]

I'd like to pick this up!

[prajwalkulkarni]

Since the dtype (e.g: float64, int32 etc) are subsets of a primitive type number, wouldn't TS coerce these types back to number? Could you kindly give more information about the return type here?

[kgryte]

The dtype concerns the dtype of the ndarray. They do not correspond to number primitives.

[kgryte]

I suggest consulting the type definitions in @stdlib/types.