Use docker cache mount on builder image

[Molter73]

Description

This should only have an effect on development, on CI the cache will not exist and the builds will always happen from scratch.

A small cmake wrapper function has been created to abstract the common logic of configuring, compiling and installing on all modules.

In the past we have tried to use ccache in a similar way, but that ended up being quite convoluted, this approach is a lot more straightforward IMO.

Checklist

• [x] Investigated and inspected CI test results
• [ ] Updated documentation accordingly

Automated testing

• [ ] Added unit tests
• [ ] Added integration tests
• [ ] Added regression tests

If any of these don't apply, please comment below.

Testing Performed

Output of time make builder from scratch and after making a change to one of the install scripts:

BUILD_BUILDER_IMAGE=true make builder  5.82s user 1.23s system 0% cpu 17:28.09 total
BUILD_BUILDER_IMAGE=true make builder  5.35s user 0.91s system 4% cpu 2:06.03 total

[codecov-commenter]

Codecov Report

:white_check_mark: All modified and coverable lines are covered by tests. :white_check_mark: Project coverage is 28.83%. Comparing base (442257b) to head (cc9ba62). :white_check_mark: All tests successful. No failed tests found.

Additional details and impacted files

@@           Coverage Diff           @@
##           master    #2541   +/-   ##
=======================================
  Coverage   28.83%   28.83%           
=======================================
  Files          96       96           
  Lines        5799     5799           
  Branches     2551     2551           
=======================================
  Hits         1672     1672           
  Misses       3408     3408           
  Partials      719      719           

Flag	Coverage Δ
collector-unit-tests	28.83% <ø> (ø)

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