[sdk-metrics] [sdk-trace] ensure resource is not auto-merged with default when it is provided to constructor

[pichlermarc]

Description

Currently we always merge Resource.default() with the constructor-provided resource. However, the spec states that this should only happen when no resource is provided:

The SDK MUST provide access to a Resource with at least the attributes listed at Semantic Attributes with SDK-provided Default Value. This resource MUST be associated with a TracerProvider or MeterProvider if another resource was not explicitly specified.

A later section states that:

Note: This means that it is possible to create and associate a resource that does not have all or any of the SDK-provided attributes present.

The goal of this issue is to change the resource handling trace and metrics SDKs to be spec-compliant.

This issue is considered done when:

• [ ] Resource.default() is not auto-merged with the constructor-provided resource in sdk-metrics
• [ ] Resource.default() is not auto-merged with the constructor-provided resource in sdk-trace-base
• [ ] Resource.default() is not auto-merged with the constructor-provided resource in sdk-trace-node
• [ ] Resource.default() is not auto-merged with the constructor-provided resource in sdk-trace-web
• [ ] TBD: if any other SDK packages are stable by the time we work on this, also align them with the specification.

NOTE: if this is not applicable for one of the packages listed above when this issue is being implemented, state why this is the case in a comment, and link that comment below the list item before ticking the checkbox. Otherwise link the PR.

Additional resources:

Links to non-spec-compliant sections:

• https://github.com/open-telemetry/opentelemetry-js/blob/47444f2a4c13a80f3328ffafc5b4c8db9e9a0886/packages/opentelemetry-sdk-trace-base/src/BasicTracerProvider.ts#L83
• https://github.com/open-telemetry/opentelemetry-js/blob/0f6518dd63bf86f3149437b2aaa56c880d45ef6d/packages/sdk-metrics/src/MeterProvider.ts#L49-L51

[github-actions[bot]]

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