consumererror: Add partial error type

[braydonk]

Description

This PR adds functionality for consumers to create a partial error type. This will allow consumers to properly report partial success/failure with failed item counts, which can subsequently be used when reporting sent/failed metrics.

Link to tracking issue

Part of #13423

Testing

Documentation

godoc comments are added to the new public functions in consumererror.

[codecov[bot]]

Codecov Report

:white_check_mark: All modified and coverable lines are covered by tests. :white_check_mark: Project coverage is 91.66%. Comparing base (14a7832) to head (e3b4ff4). :warning: Report is 127 commits behind head on main.

Additional details and impacted files

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##             main   #13927      +/-   ##
==========================================
- Coverage   91.66%   91.66%   -0.01%     
==========================================
  Files         652      653       +1     
  Lines       42516    42531      +15     
==========================================
+ Hits        38973    38985      +12     
- Misses       2734     2736       +2     
- Partials      809      810       +1     

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[github-actions[bot]]

This PR was marked stale due to lack of activity. It will be closed in 14 days.

[github-actions[bot]]

Closed as inactive. Feel free to reopen if this PR is still being worked on.

[braydonk]

I'll try and find time to address the raised concerns next week.