build: Dynamically link the C++ standard library

[jjerphan]

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Reference Issues/PRs

What does this implement or fix?

manylinux wheels (starting manylinux1 must depend on external libraries, including the C++ standard library.

Currently, it does, and this causes problems at runtime with standard librairies shared objects being loaded with duplication as observed with importing ray and ArcticDB.

This PR makes ArcticDB depend on implementations of the standard library dynamically rather than statically.

This removes the STATIC_LINK_STD_LIB option, which is thus not needed anymore.

Any other comments?

A few patches are necessary to have ArcticDB compile without using the Docker Image.