feat(jest-config): supports Jest config file with `.mts` extension

[hainenber]

Summary

Resolves #15780

This PR will allow .mts config file to be passed to Jest, enabling folks to work with native type stripping in CommonJS projects. However, full .mts support is only for Node 23.6 and above due to type stripping enabled by default. On Node version ^20.19.0 || ^22.12.0, untyped jest.config.mts would still be accepted by Jest but adding type would emit error.

Test plan

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commit: 15c06e3

[fidgi]

@hainenber type stripping is also enabled by default in node 22 since version 22.18.0 (see https://nodejs.org/en/blog/release/v22.18.0)

[ahnpnl]

Hi can we get this to merge? Is it changing to .mts would help us to get through Node 22.18 strip type enabling?

[cpojer]

Seems like the CI is still failing on these. Might need to disable them on older Node versions.

[SimenB]

CI is failing on multiple node versions, so I don't think the version itself is the issue. Looks like a regression?

(would love to land this 😀)

[hainenber]

PR adjusted to be JS runtime agnostic, thanks to @ashleybartlett's suggestion.

Jest should understand require(esm) and type stripping based on the JS runtime's feature flag values of process.feature.require_module and process.feature.typescript; folks can use NODE_OPTIONS to toggle on or off on demand.

Hopefully CI gods let me through.

[Stanzilla]

any ETA for this to be merged?