Expose all ray-query flags in constants

[kvark]

Connections Port of https://github.com/gfx-rs/naga/pull/2375

Description We are making the ray query flags a part of the API here.

Testing Not really tested.

Checklist

• [x] Run cargo fmt.
• [ ] Run cargo clippy. If applicable, add:
  • [ ] --target wasm32-unknown-unknown
  • [ ] --target wasm32-unknown-emscripten
• [ ] Run cargo xtask test to run tests.
• [x] Add change to CHANGELOG.md. See simple instructions inside file.

[cwfitzgerald]

Boop from triage

[kvark]

PR has seen a substantial revamp now. Please see it again!