raspberry-pi-pcie-devices
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geerlingguy
Add Pi 5 HAT: Geekworm X1000/X1001/X1002
The GeekWorm X1001 is the model that interests me most, but Geekworm has introduced three models, X1000, X1001, and X1002, supporting Top/2230/2242, Top/2230/2242/2260/2280, and Bottom/2230/2242/2260/2280, respectively.
It works with the Pi Active Cooler, and seems to give wide clearance to the GPIO header so other HATs could be used. There's also an external 5V input, in case you need it, and activity LEDs for power/SSD activity.
I'm using the models X1000 and X1001 with OpenWrt combined with a m.2 to pcie adapter to connect a dual 2.5Gb network card
https://github.com/openwrt/openwrt/pull/13987#issuecomment-1872227588
I changed the FCC cable with a longer one,150mm to make easy the test.
Bought one for 35$ on amazon canada.
I'm going to pair it with a 2280 "cheap" NVME ssd:
Should receive everything by saturday and will report back on how it went,
Bought a X1001 from Amazon for $15.99.
Working fine at gen 3 with a cheap Inland TN320 256GB NVME ($20 open box at Microcenter).
Noteworthy, the the Inland TN320 256GB NVME has a drive activity LED.
Works as expected, boots fast (need to remove SD card). SSD runs very hot. (gen 3 speed)
Thinking about adding another fan for the drive but wondering how to hook it up. gpio pins or is there a fan header splitter availale maybe?
@kbftech I haven't seen any fan splitter for the tiny connector on the Pi board (could be interesting, but might also cause issues). I think the best option would either be a heatsink on the M.2 drive (can find some on Amazon), or a little fan off the 5v GPIO pins.
I got one (also for $15.99 on Amazon) and my SSD is not visible. Could this be because I don't have the RPi 27W (or equivalent) power supply? Documentation for the X1001 is slim and Raspberry Pi's documentation (and the warning message displayed at boot) talk about not having power for USB devices, but does this also apply to the PCIe slot?
Only one of the photos above shows a power cable attached and it sure looks like the RPi 27W cable...
I'm also wondering what the threshold is for using the 5V connector on the X1001 and what you're supposed to attach the other end to - 5V/GND on the GPIO?
I got one (also for $15.99 on Amazon) and my SSD is not visible. Could this be because I don't have the RPi 27W (or equivalent) power supply? Documentation for the X1001 is slim and Raspberry Pi's documentation (and the warning message displayed at boot) talk about not having power for USB devices, but does this also apply to the PCIe slot?
Only one of the photos above shows a power cable attached and it sure looks like the RPi 27W cable...
I'm also wondering what the threshold is for using the 5V connector on the X1001 and what you're supposed to attach the other end to - 5V/GND on the GPIO?
I am using the the 27W PSU, but I just tested with a Pi4 PSU and a powerbank and the Pi 5 booted to NVME with both.
Confirmed power with: dtc /proc/device-tree/chosen/power/ -f
max_current = <0x0384> (that is .9A).
The 27W PSU shows max_current = <0x1388> (that is 5A)
Did you add dtparam=pciex1_gen=3 to config.txt ?
Works as expected, boots fast (need to remove SD card). SSD runs very hot. (gen 3 speed)
Did you set the boot order? I can boot to NVME with an SD card installed.
How hot is very hot?
Using smartctl -a /dev/nvme0 I'm seeing temps in the low 30 degrees C.
Fyi it works on my end with a pi4 psu (4amps). 3amps might not cut it; I did not test it but will check if I have one when I get back home.
Also good to note that not all drives are created equal; some probably require More power.
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From: kmm0 @.> Sent: Monday, January 15, 2024 6:38:40 AM To: geerlingguy/raspberry-pi-pcie-devices @.> Cc: kbftech @.>; Mention @.> Subject: Re: [geerlingguy/raspberry-pi-pcie-devices] Add Pi 5 HAT: Geekworm X1000/X1001/X1002 (Issue #575)
Works as expected, boots fast (need to remove SD card). SSD runs very hot. (gen 3 speed)
Did you set the boot order? I can boot to NVME with an SD card installed.
How hot is very hot?
Using smartctl -a /dev/nvme0 I'm seeing temps in the low 30 degrees C.
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... I think the best option would either be a heatsink...
A small heatsink doesn't seem to cut it during heavy use. Tested with a 512gb image the heatsink was very hot to the touch. I would definitely recommend active cooling at least with this specific drive, especially if you plan on keeping the pi in any kind of case.
I am using the the 27W PSU, but I just tested with a Pi4 PSU and a powerbank and the Pi 5 booted to NVME with both.
Thanks, that's good to know.
Did you add dtparam=pciex1_gen=3 to config.txt ?
I added dtparam=pciex1
I've verified that the NVMe SSD itself works correctly in another device. I receive a 27W (not Raspberry Pi, but the one from BOXPUT) tomorrow, so I can try it. But at this point I'm suspecting either my X1001 or the cable is bad.
in one of the original RPi5 YT reviews (Explaining Computers maybe? or ETA Prime?), you can see a closeup of the text on the "official RPi5 power supply": its a PD (as in phone charging standard) power supply - PD 3.0? The RPi4 power supply will work but there is only so much current available. The PD power supply on the other hand can up the input voltage (from 5v to 9v & 12v) for the RPi5 so that its power circuitry can down-convert it back to 5 volts (5v) with enough AMP's to properly power every port and bus on the SBC, if they were all being used at the same time.
Having watched Jeff's RPi5 NVME related videos, I would be using a seperate power delivery for the NVME, even if its controlled from the same switch.
As for "heat": You are going to have to wait for someone else to compile a list of "low power" (ie low heat generating) NVME devices suitable for SBC & laptops, unless you want to do your own "research" (ie. experiments), or find a PC review platform that included thermals and/or operating temps for NVME devices.
Rpi5 does not have a dc to dc converter and does not use any other voltage than 5v.
The PD psu offered for the pi has an arguably out of spec option that can provide 5amps at 5v. This is not in violation of the spec per say, but sure is a very odd thing to do.
Plz do not mislead people in buying "standard" pd psu to run the pi5.
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From: Paul Wratt @.> Sent: Monday, January 15, 2024 9:11:38 PM To: geerlingguy/raspberry-pi-pcie-devices @.> Cc: kbftech @.>; Mention @.> Subject: Re: [geerlingguy/raspberry-pi-pcie-devices] Add Pi 5 HAT: Geekworm X1000/X1001/X1002 (Issue #575)
in one of the original RPi5 YT reviews (Explaining Computers maybe? or ETA Prime?), you can see a closeup of the text on the "official RPi5 power supply": its a PD (as in phone charging standard) power supply - PD 3.0? The RPi4 power supply will work but there is only so much current available. The PD power supply on the other hand can up the input voltage (from 5v to 9v & 12v) for the RPi5 so that its power circuitry can down-convert it back to 5 volts (5v) with enough AMP's to properly power every port and bus on the SBC, if they were all being used at the same time.
Having watched Jeff's RPi5 NVME related videos, I would be using a seperate power delivery for the NVME, even if its controlled from the same switch.
As for "heat": You are going to have to wait for someone else to compile a list of "low power" (ie low heat generating) NVME devices suitable for SBC & laptops, unless you want to do your own "research" (ie. experiments), or find a PC review platform that included thermals and/or operating temps for NVME devices.
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I have tested the Pi 5 with both the Radxa 30W adapter and Raspberry Pi's older 5v 3A adapter, and both seemed to boot at least the little Kingspec NVMe SSD I had without issue.
The Pi 5 really doesn't burn through a huge amount of power, it's mostly if you have a ton of peripherals attached, or an NVMe or PCIe device that sucks down a lot of power (it's in spec for M.2 devices to use up to 15W, yikes!). Raspberry Pi's own FFC guidance recommends an external supply for PCIe devices if you can use one, but states up to around 5W is possible straight through the FFC.
And it is not arguably out of spec, just uncommon. There are a lot of things uncommon about the Pi, like it's bootloader :)
Would it be nice if they chose 9V or 12V with step-down converter on the board? Yes, but according to the engineers doing so would've taken up too much board space, and they decided the current feature set was important. If enough people complain, that could change—I know for my purposes, I've never plugged in a 2nd HDMI display, so I'd be fine ditching that for better PD compatibility. But it is what it is.
But it is what it is.
Don't worry, I watch all your videos. You touched that "issue" and I understand the reasons behind the choice. I agree that if enough people complain about it, they might take a different approach on the next iteration. :)
@geerlingguy Maybe you could make a short/whole video where you try a few things with different PSUs to test/show what 3/4/5amps can power. Testing GPIO and USB separately and combined to find the limits of each. That would probably generate some interrest and possibly give everyone a reference point to this topic.
I'd tried the official rpi4/5 PS and both work with the x1001, also there is a model x1004 that support dual sdd http://suptronics.com/Raspberrypi/Storage/x1004-v1.1.html so I think power supply shouldn't be an issue.
Updates:
-
The BOXPUT power supply arrived and seems to work properly. (The boot-time power-supply warning message went away, but I have not actually tested it with anything but the X1001 and NVMe SSD.)
-
The X1001 and NVMe SSD are working correctly now (both with an older power supply and the BOXPUT.) It looks like I neglected to update the eeprom, because after I did that it showed up correctly.
I ordered a USB Hub and another PSU (official 27w). I'm going to try and add a secondary fan aswell. I decided against having the NVME drive under the usb hub as I originally planned due to heat. To put the X1001 NVME on top of the usb-hub, I need a longer ribbon cable so waiting on that to test everything out. Once I have the whole thing, I want to test:
- NVME + Hub powered solely by the PI
- --> Without periferals
- --> With USB/Keyboard directly on the PI
- --> With USB/Keyboard on the hub
- --> Mix of different periferals (USB wireless controllers, wired controllers, external drives)
- --> Charging through every port
- Same thing with multiple USB-C chargers
I'd be very interrested in the dual slot NVME but couldn't find it in Canada. Also, I have yet to find a POE Hat that will provide sufficent power to the pi 5 and it's periferals. The best I found so far is a waveshare that claims max 4.5a on 5v.
This is probably not the best place to discuss this though. I feel like I am polluting this thread. Feel free to move this comment where it should be.
Thigh fit, but it does fit & work.
Side note: During "normal" operations, the drive runs cool to the touch as opposed to when writing the image.
I'll test and will post results.
5v@4amps (No issue yet):
- USB-Hub HAT + NVME X1001 HAT + USB-Hub (external) + 4 Wireless Controllers (8BitDo) + 1 Wireless keyboard + USB Hard drive dongle + Seagate Laptop Thin HDD rated 0.75A@5v
At this point I feel confident that 5v@4a will be plenty enough for the vast majority of uses. Not overclocked.
Seems to run fine with the waveshare PoE HAT (F), but I'm only powering the X1001 and a small USB zigbee dongle for Home Assistant. The Samsung 990 NVMe drive is overkill, but it's temporary. It's significantly slower on HAOS vs Raspberry Pi OS (300 MB/s vs 800MB/s), so I'll swap back and run HA in a container.
