Strengthen typing of Runtimes+Langauges and their support timelines.

[inlined]

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• Factors out Runtimes into a new file so that they can be imported into firebaseConfig.ts and have a single source of truth and prevent the error encountered in https://github.com/firebase/firebase-tools/issues/6774#issuecomment-1953399977
• Adds a formal concept of languages and the ability to discriminate runtimes per language
• Makes all information about a runtime table driven so there can never be a runtime without all necessary metadata
• Adds the ability to dynamically fetch the latest runtime for a language
• Adds support timelines for all runtimes
• Unifies runtime support checks across all runtimes/languages. There are now separate warnings for when deprecation is upcoming (90d), when a runtime is deprecated, and when a runtime is decommissioned.

[codecov-commenter]

Codecov Report

Attention: Patch coverage is 64.42308% with 37 lines in your changes are missing coverage. Please review.

Project coverage is 54.27%. Comparing base (27088cd) to head (bca4ff7).

Files	Patch %	Lines
src/deploy/functions/prepare.ts	11.11%	8 Missing :warning:
src/deploy/functions/runtimes/python/index.ts	45.45%	6 Missing :warning:
src/deploy/functions/runtimes/supported.ts	86.48%	2 Missing and 3 partials :warning:
src/emulator/controller.ts	16.66%	5 Missing :warning:
src/deploy/functions/runtimes/index.ts	20.00%	4 Missing :warning:
src/gcp/cloudfunctions.ts	25.00%	1 Missing and 2 partials :warning:
src/emulator/functionsEmulator.ts	0.00%	2 Missing :warning:
src/gcp/cloudfunctionsv2.ts	33.33%	0 Missing and 2 partials :warning:
src/deploy/functions/runtimes/node/index.ts	80.00%	1 Missing :warning:
src/functional.ts	50.00%	1 Missing :warning:

Additional details and impacted files

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##           master    #6866      +/-   ##
==========================================
+ Coverage   54.26%   54.27%   +0.01%     
==========================================
  Files         352      353       +1     
  Lines       24536    24573      +37     
  Branches     5083     5090       +7     
==========================================
+ Hits        13315    13338      +23     
- Misses      10007    10022      +15     
+ Partials     1214     1213       -1     

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