Remove Mariner usage

[richlander]

Mariner 2.0 will go EOL in July 2025. We need to remove all usage of it before that date. There are references to it in this repo and (as you know) this repo (in some cases) affects all other repos.

https://github.com/dotnet/arcade/blob/ccd609b1f2b18c2899d332f88fe37f13bc3f16cb/eng/common/core-templates/job/source-build.yml#L64

https://github.com/dotnet/arcade/blob/ccd609b1f2b18c2899d332f88fe37f13bc3f16cb/azure-pipelines.yml#L32

https://github.com/dotnet/arcade/blob/ccd609b1f2b18c2899d332f88fe37f13bc3f16cb/azure-pipelines-pr.yml#L49

https://github.com/dotnet/arcade/blob/ccd609b1f2b18c2899d332f88fe37f13bc3f16cb/src/Microsoft.DotNet.Build.Tasks.Installers/build/installer.build.targets#L89-L108

There may be other instances. These file segments give a flavor of what needs to be remediated.

We're going to need to make these changes every couple years with Azure Linux. We should ensure that it is efficient to make these changes. It appears that there are references to Mariner 1.0. Those should have been removed ages ago.

Related: https://github.com/dotnet/runtime/issues/112191

[richlander]

@sbomer @jkoritzinsky @mthalman