[PM-4347] Upgrade angular to 17

[Hinton]

🎟️ Tracking

https://bitwarden.atlassian.net/browse/PM-4347

📔 Objective

⏰ Reminders before review

• Contributor guidelines followed
• All formatters and local linters executed and passed
• Written new unit and / or integration tests where applicable
• Protected functional changes with optionality (feature flags)
• Used internationalization (i18n) for all UI strings
• CI builds passed
• Communicated to DevOps any deployment requirements
• Updated any necessary documentation (Confluence, contributing docs) or informed the documentation team

🦮 Reviewer guidelines

• 👍 (:+1:) or similar for great changes
• 📝 (:memo:) or ℹ️ (:information_source:) for notes or general info
• ❓ (:question:) for questions
• 🤔 (:thinking:) or 💭 (:thought_balloon:) for more open inquiry that's not quite a confirmed issue and could potentially benefit from discussion
• 🎨 (:art:) for suggestions / improvements
• ❌ (:x:) or ⚠️ (:warning:) for more significant problems or concerns needing attention
• 🌱 (:seedling:) or ♻️ (:recycle:) for future improvements or indications of technical debt
• ⛏ (:pick:) for minor or nitpick changes

[github-actions[bot]]

Checkmarx One – Scan Summary & Details – 87cdd0da-1081-4229-9ef9-e7df4e6f84c8

No New Or Fixed Issues Found

[codecov[bot]]

Codecov Report

Attention: Patch coverage is 0% with 1 line in your changes missing coverage. Please review.

Project coverage is 33.53%. Comparing base (c96b4f4) to head (1b2f846). Report is 1 commits behind head on main.

:white_check_mark: All tests successful. No failed tests found.

Files with missing lines	Patch %	Lines
apps/web/src/polyfills.ts	0.00%	1 Missing :warning:

Additional details and impacted files

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##             main   #11031      +/-   ##
==========================================
+ Coverage   33.51%   33.53%   +0.02%     
==========================================
  Files        2815     2815              
  Lines       87564    87646      +82     
  Branches    16695    16694       -1     
==========================================
+ Hits        29344    29395      +51     
- Misses      55911    55942      +31     
  Partials     2309     2309              

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