CDK schema version mismatch: @aws-amplify/[email protected] needs to support CDK schema version 45.0.0

[hirofumi-ambient]

Environment information

System:
  OS: Linux 6.8 Debian GNU/Linux 12 (bookworm) 12 (bookworm)
  CPU: (2) x64 AMD EPYC 7763 64-Core Processor
  Memory: 2.22 GB / 7.76 GB
  Shell: /bin/bash
Binaries:
  Node: 22.18.0 - /usr/local/share/nvm/versions/node/v22.18.0/bin/node
  Yarn: 4.9.2 - /usr/local/share/nvm/versions/node/v22.18.0/bin/yarn
  npm: 10.9.3 - /usr/local/share/nvm/versions/node/v22.18.0/bin/npm
  pnpm: undefined - undefined
NPM Packages:
  @aws-amplify/ai-constructs: 1.5.3
  @aws-amplify/auth-construct: 1.8.1
  @aws-amplify/backend: 1.16.1
  @aws-amplify/backend-ai: Not Found
  @aws-amplify/backend-auth: 1.7.1
  @aws-amplify/backend-cli: 1.8.0
  @aws-amplify/backend-data: 1.6.1
  @aws-amplify/backend-deployer: 2.1.3
  @aws-amplify/backend-function: 1.14.1
  @aws-amplify/backend-output-schemas: 1.6.0
  @aws-amplify/backend-output-storage: 1.3.1
  @aws-amplify/backend-secret: 1.4.0
  @aws-amplify/backend-storage: 1.4.1
  @aws-amplify/cli-core: 2.2.1
  @aws-amplify/client-config: 1.7.0
  @aws-amplify/data-construct: 1.16.1
  @aws-amplify/data-schema: 1.21.0
  @aws-amplify/deployed-backend-client: 1.7.0
  @aws-amplify/form-generator: 1.2.4
  @aws-amplify/model-generator: 1.2.0
  @aws-amplify/platform-core: 1.9.0
  @aws-amplify/plugin-types: 1.10.1
  @aws-amplify/sandbox: 2.1.2
  @aws-amplify/schema-generator: 1.4.0
  @aws-cdk/toolkit-lib: 1.1.1
  aws-amplify: 6.15.5
  aws-cdk-lib: 2.208.0
  typescript: 5.8.3
AWS environment variables:
No CDK environment variables

Describe the bug

The npx ampx sandbox command fails with a CDK schema version mismatch error when using @aws-amplify/[email protected] with [email protected]+ (which generates CDK schema version 45.0.0 or lts 48).

Error Message:

[ERROR] [UnknownFault] Error: Cannot read asset manifest '/workspace/packages/backend/.amplify/artifacts/cdk.out/amplify-packagesbackend-xxxxx-sandbox-xxxxx.assets.json': Cloud assembly schema version mismatch: Maximum schema version supported is 44.x.x, but found 45.0.0

Root Cause: @aws-amplify/[email protected] internally uses @aws-amplify/sandbox@^2.1.2, which only supports CDK schema versions up to 44.x.x, but [email protected]+ generates schema version 45.0.0.

Related CDK Issue: CDK side has already resolved this issue: https://github.com/aws/aws-cdk/issues/34912 However, Amplify CLI needs to be updated to support the new schema version.

Version Compatibility Matrix:

CDK Versions:

• ✅ Works: [email protected] and below
• ❌ Fails: [email protected] and above

CDK Lib Versions:

• ✅ Works: [email protected] and below
• ❌ Fails: [email protected] and above

Backend CLI Versions:

• ✅ Works: @aws-amplify/[email protected] and below
• ❌ Fails: @aws-amplify/[email protected] to 1.8.0

Expected Behavior: The sandbox command should work with the latest CDK versions that support schema version 45.0.0.

Workarounds:

1. Downgrade aws-cdk to 2.1020.0 or below
2. Downgrade aws-cdk-lib to 2.203.1 or below
3. Downgrade @aws-amplify/backend-cli to 1.5.0

Reproduction steps

Steps to Reproduce:

1. Install @aws-amplify/[email protected]
2. Use ([email protected] or [email protected] ) or higher ※CLI release date >= Lib release date
3. Run npx ampx sandbox
4. Observe the schema version mismatch error