Add `EDFScheduling` new algorithm with Junit tests

[Hardvan]

• [x] I have read CONTRIBUTING.md.
• [x] This pull request is all my own work -- I have not plagiarized it.
• [x] All filenames are in PascalCase.
• [x] All functions and variable names follow Java naming conventions.
• [x] All new algorithms have a URL in their comments that points to Wikipedia or other similar explanations.
• [x] All new code is formatted with clang-format -i --style=file path/to/your/file.java

[codecov-commenter]

Codecov Report

Attention: Patch coverage is 93.10345% with 2 lines in your changes missing coverage. Please review.

Project coverage is 58.65%. Comparing base (b54cc21) to head (d460172).

Files with missing lines	Patch %	Lines
...va/com/thealgorithms/scheduling/EDFScheduling.java	93.10%	1 Missing and 1 partial :warning:

Additional details and impacted files

@@             Coverage Diff              @@
##             master    #5657      +/-   ##
============================================
+ Coverage     58.59%   58.65%   +0.05%     
- Complexity     3749     3751       +2     
============================================
  Files           554      555       +1     
  Lines         15922    15951      +29     
  Branches       3030     3032       +2     
============================================
+ Hits           9330     9356      +26     
- Misses         6195     6196       +1     
- Partials        397      399       +2     

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[Hardvan]

Thanks!