Feat: Add Aliquot Sum of a Number algorithm, Class Math

[SpiderMath]

Description of Change

Added the solution for getting Aliquot Sum of a Number. The corresponding link is here. This is the first time I'm contributing to this particular repository, so please do tell me if I messed up anywhere.

Checklist

• [x] Added description of change
• [x] Added file name matches File name guidelines
• [x] Added tests and example, test must pass
• [x] Added documentation so that the program is self-explanatory and educational - Doxygen guidelines
• [x] Relevant documentation/comments is changed or added
• [x] PR title follows semantic commit guidelines
• [x] Search previous suggestions before making a new one, as yours may be a duplicate.
• [x] I acknowledge that all my contributions will be made under the project's license.

Notes:

[SpiderMath]

Umm, sorry to bother you @martin-sos but its been 3 days :sweat_smile:

[SpiderMath]

Ummm, sorry to bother but why are we not merging this PR?

[SpiderMath]

@Panquesito7 please take a look :sob:

[SpiderMath]

I fixed them Panquesito (>.<)

[SpiderMath]

Hey, @Panquesito7 uhhhhhhm, is it okay?

[SpiderMath]

dies

[SpiderMath]

Wait wtf :skull:

[SpiderMath]

Check #2400 instead, Panquesito.