pypsa-eur initial dsm implementation for the heating sector

Closes # (if applicable).

Changes proposed in this Pull Request

adding demand side response for the heating sector

Checklist

[x] I tested my contribution locally and it works as intended.
[x] Code and workflow changes are sufficiently documented.
[x] Changed dependencies are added to envs/environment.yaml.
[x] Changes in configuration options are added in config/config.default.yaml.
[x] Changes in configuration options are documented in doc/configtables/*.csv.
[x] Sources of newly added data are documented in doc/data_sources.rst.
[x] A release note doc/release_notes.rst is added.

Oct 18 '24 09:10 martacki

The default setting sets heat dsm to be restricted between 9am and 9pm (taken from a study by SmartEn - https://smarten.eu/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/SmartEN-DSF-benefits-2030-Report_DIGITAL.pdf, APPENDIX A – Detailed Methodology Description, 1.1.2.5. Residential electric heating), meaning that heating demand can only be shifted between 9am and 9pm, and between 9pm and 9am.

These are some initial results (default config with 2H time resolution, 59 nodes, Co2L0.0 and I only modelled 2 weeks in January for testing):

For comparison, that's how the default transport DSM profiles looks like (the legend is of course not heating but transport, I just didnt change it... oops):

Oct 18 '24 12:10 martacki

Validator Report

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General

Plots comparison

Main branch	Feature branch

Files comparison

	Status	NRMSE	MAE (norm)
market_values.csv	:warning:Changed	0.000	0.10
weighted_prices.csv	:warning:Changed	0.538	0.44
curtailment.csv	:warning:Changed	0.000	0.11
price_statistics.csv	:warning:Changed	0.000	0.18
metrics.csv	:warning:Changed	0.000	0.10
cfs.csv	:warning:Changed	0.027	0.08
nodal_cfs.csv	:white_check_mark: Almost equal	0.077	0.02
supply.csv	:white_check_mark: Almost equal	0.000	0.03
nodal_costs.csv	:white_check_mark: Almost equal	0.003	0.00
nodal_capacities.csv	:white_check_mark: Almost equal	0.000	0.00
prices.csv	:white_check_mark: Almost equal	0.000	0.04
nodal_supply_energy.csv	:white_check_mark: Almost equal	0.000	0.00
costs.csv	:white_check_mark: Almost equal	0.000	0.01
capacities.csv	:white_check_mark: Almost equal	0.000	0.03
supply_energy.csv	:white_check_mark: Almost equal	0.000	0.03
energy.csv	:white_check_mark: Almost equal	0.000	0.03

NRMSE: Normalized (combined-min-max) Root Mean Square Error MAE (norm): Mean Absolute Error on normalized data (min-max) Status Threshold: MAE (norm) > 0.05 and NRMSE > 0.3

Model Metrics

Benchmarks