MDEV-36017 Alter table aborts when temporary directory is full

[Thirunarayanan]

• [x] The Jira issue number for this PR is: MDEV-36017

Description

Problem:

• During inplace algorithm, concurrent DML fails to write the log operation into the temporary file. InnoDB fail to mark the error for the online log.

Fix:

row_log_online_op(): Mark the error in online log when InnoDB ran out of temporary spac

How can this PR be tested?

./mtr innodb.alter_temp_fail

Basing the PR against the correct MariaDB version

• [ ] This is a new feature or a refactoring, and the PR is based against the main branch.
• [x] This is a bug fix, and the PR is based against the earliest maintained branch in which the bug can be reproduced.

PR quality check

• [x] I checked the CODING_STANDARDS.md file and my PR conforms to this where appropriate.
• [x] For any trivial modifications to the PR, I am ok with the reviewer making the changes themselves.