When compiling for vulkan, the default capabilities for the vulkan version should be enabled

[khyperia]

See the vulkan spec

For example, when compiling for vulkan1.0 or higher, OpCapability ImageQuery should be included by default.

[eddyb]

Better link: https://registry.khronos.org/vulkan/specs/1.3-extensions/html/chap50.html#spirvenv-capabilities.

There's similarly also extensions, like SPV_KHR_16bit_storage for 1.1, and SPV_KHR_8bit_storage for 1.2. (note that those don't imply anything by themselves, they just allow requesting certain new capabilities)