added counting sort

[indshree]

PR Title

Added Counting Sort Algorithm in Python

Summary

Implemented the Counting Sort algorithm using a class-based approach in Python. The algorithm efficiently sorts non-negative integers by counting occurrences and using a cumulative sum approach.

Description

This PR introduces a CountingSort class that sorts an array using the Counting Sort algorithm. The algorithm is efficient for sorting numbers within a limited range.

The changes are as follows:

• Implemented a class-based CountingSort algorithm
• Ensured the sorting method works for non-negative and negative integers
• Included a get_sorted_array() method to retrieve the sorted list
• Added an example usage demonstrating the algorithm in action

Checks

In the repository

• [x] Made no changes that degrade the functioning of the repository
• [x] Gave each commit a better title (e.g., "Added Counting Sort Implementation")

In the PR

• [x] Followed the format of the pull_request_template
• [x] Made the Pull Request small and focused
• [x] Tested the changes to ensure correctness

Thank You,
Shruti Shree