Benchmark of preview 1 of AWS .NET SDK V4

[bill-poole]

Preview 1 of the AWS .NET SDK has been released (see https://aws.amazon.com/blogs/developer/preview-1-of-aws-sdk-for-net-v4/). It would be great if the benchmarks published here could be updated to include the V4 preview.

[slang25]

I've ran a before and after below. There's still at least one significant v4 perf improvement on the way, but I expect EfficientDynamoDb will always be significantly faster, even if the gap is reduced.

BenchmarkDotNet=v0.12.1, OS=macOS 14.5 (23F79) [Darwin 23.5.0] Apple M2 Pro, 1 CPU, 12 logical and 12 physical cores .NET Core SDK=8.0.401 [Host] : .NET Core 8.0.8 (CoreCLR 8.0.824.36612, CoreFX 8.0.824.36612), Arm64 RyuJIT DefaultJob : .NET Core 8.0.8 (CoreCLR 8.0.824.36612, CoreFX 8.0.824.36612), Arm64 RyuJIT

Method	EntitiesCount	Mean	Error	StdDev	Gen 0	Gen 1	Gen 2	Allocated
EfficientDynamoDb	10	26.43 us	0.515 us	0.614 us	2.0752	0.0610	-	17.22 KB
aws-sdk-net	10	190.40 us	3.381 us	2.998 us	38.0859	9.7656	-	314.87 KB
aws-sdk-net v4	10	174.77 us	3.441 us	5.749 us	29.2969	0.9766	-	246.67 KB
EfficientDynamoDb	100	185.44 us	2.802 us	2.484 us	14.6484	0.2441	-	119.89 KB
aws-sdk-net	100	2,090.33 us	34.854 us	32.602 us	359.3750	179.6875	-	2954.75 KB
aws-sdk-net v4	100	2,155.76 us	42.681 us	91.875 us	265.6250	125.0000	-	2192.58 KB
EfficientDynamoDb	1000	1,855.11 us	24.322 us	21.561 us	138.6719	48.8281	1.9531	1146.54 KB
aws-sdk-net	1000	38,908.32 us	769.038 us	719.359 us	3714.2857	1214.2857	928.5714	29340.8 KB
aws-sdk-net v4	1000	30,446.25 us	590.408 us	679.915 us	2906.2500	1250.0000	656.2500	21624.82 KB

[bill-poole]

Thanks for doing those benchmarks and posting the results! Are you okay if I bring these results to the attention of the AWS team? They are likely going to use the same underlying message building/parsing logic for the client for all their services, which means that its unlikely that the V4 library will solve their performance problems with services other than DynamoDB. For example, there are the same performance problems with sending/receiving SQS messages.

Assuming we don't expect the .NET ecosystem to create alternative client libraries for all performance-sensitive AWS services, I think the community at large is best served by AWS taking a serious look at significantly increasing the performance of their .NET client libraries. And I suspect we have a better chance of such action being taken prior to their GA release.

[slang25]

@bill-poole sure. @normj and the AWS .NET team would be interested I'm sure.

Looking at the v4 preview announcement here, it's clear that v4 represent a performance boost, and not massive improvements you'd see from re-architecting. So libraries like EfficientDynamoDb will have a place for a long time.

My expectations for the AWS SDK is not for it to be a high-performance library, but shouldn't contain any big perf blunders either. So I'm keen for this change to get merged, which avoid a big string allocation before UTF8 encoding the results. However I don't expect pooling of array buffers (as great as that would be).

I'd like to see AWS SDK also adopt System.Text.Json at some point, rather than it's internal LitJSON, but must admit I don't know how much of a perf boost we'd see.

On the SQS performance topic, I've been playing with the idea of a lightweight client implementation for a while. Now that SQS supports the AWS JSON protocol, it would look very similar to EfficientDynamoDb, ultimately it's never quite made sense to do, as SQS is often used in asynchronous scenarios where latency isn't critical, and so we'd just be looking at minuscule cost savings.

[normj]

Thanks for tagging me @slang25 that is interesting benchmark results.

I'm not sure if the SDK's will ever reach the impressive performance the authors have done for EfficientDynamoDb given we have to focus on supporting every service and all of the weird corner cases the services have. That being said I view preview 1 of V4 as laying down the foundation changes needed to start make some significant performance gains. The gains we got with preview 1 were largely a consequence of kicking out legacy components and the nullability changes of collections.

I hope now that we have removed .NET Framework 3.5 and added the System.Memory, System.Buffers and System.Text.Json packages to .NET Framework target we now have access to all of the same high performance APIs that EfficientDynamoDb is using. The plan for V4 is to as soon as we have all of the required breaking changes in place but with this new foundation we should be able continue making performance improvements post GA. For example we added the System.Text.Json dependency for .NET Framework but as you said @slang25 we are still using LitJson. I would like to replace that with System.Text.Json and we can still do that post GA now that we have made sure it is available to all targets. I don't expect much speed improvement with System.Text.Json but an allocations improvement which would help at scale.

[bill-poole]

I'm not sure if the SDK's will ever reach the impressive performance the authors have done for EfficientDynamoDb given we have to focus on supporting every service and all of the weird corner cases the services have.

I assume that the vast majority of the performance difference between the AWS .NET SDK and EfficientDynamoDb is in JSON serialization/deserialization, memory copying and buffer pooling. Furthermore, I assume that the differences between AWS services and the various "corner cases" pertain to the syntax/semantics of each respective service's JSON schema, not anything to do with serialization/deserialization, buffer management, etc.

I recognize that the serialization/deserialization code needs to be specialized per service because it depends on the JSON schema for each service, but I assume that can be auto-generated from the interface definition for each service? Beyond that then, I assume the send/receive logic is reused service to service, such that if that send/receive logic is optimized to eliminate memory copies and use buffer pooling, then the AWS .NET SDK will perform significantly better for all services.

I believe ~10x performance improvement is possible by using auto-generated JSON serialization/deserialization logic and highly optimized send/receive logic that eliminates memory copies and uses buffer pooling.

@normj, are my assumptions correct and if not, can you please help me understand what I've misunderstood?

[bill-poole]

V4 of the AWS SDK has now been released, containing some performance improvements discussed here. Should the benchmark results here be updated accordingly?

[peterrsongg]

Since Preview 1 didn't include the serialization updates (mainly switching to system.text.json and utilizing buffer pooling), I'd love to see those same benchmarks run with the latest version of v4. Although as Norm said, it won't be as fast as EfficientDDB but I expect those numbers to be better from preview 1.

[firenero]

I'm really glad to see performance improvements in AWS SDK V4. It's not easy to make such changes in an old codebase and I think @normj and his team are doing an amazing job there.

I'm yet to run updated benchmarks but I'll update our readme as soon as I do. I'm eager to see a smaller performance gap and happy to review a PR with benchmarks if anyone wants to run them before I do.

[slang25]

I finally got around to benchmarking this again, and wrangling with BenchmarkDotNet to handling multiple package versions. It confirms what we already suspected - AWSSDK V4 is a noticeable improvement, but the benefits of EfficientDynamoDb are still very significant.

The following is for QueryEntityComparisonBenchmark:

BenchmarkDotNet v0.15.0, macOS Sequoia 15.4.1 (24E263) [Darwin 24.4.0]
Apple M2 Pro, 1 CPU, 12 logical and 12 physical cores
.NET SDK 8.0.404
  [Host]     : .NET 8.0.11 (8.0.1124.51707), Arm64 RyuJIT AdvSIMD
  Job-THDYBW : .NET 8.0.11 (8.0.1124.51707), Arm64 RyuJIT AdvSIMD

Method	EntitiesCount	Mean	Error	StdDev	Gen0	Gen1	Gen2	Allocated
EfficientDynamoDb	10	24.94 μs	0.478 μs	0.447 μs	2.1057	0.0610	-	17.22 KB
aws-sdk-net v4	10	157.61 μs	3.108 μs	4.458 μs	30.2734	0.9766	-	254.06 KB
aws-sdk-net v3	10	182.63 μs	3.642 μs	9.720 μs	38.0859	9.7656	-	314.88 KB
EfficientDynamoDb	100	171.69 μs	3.181 μs	4.247 μs	14.6484	0.9766	-	119.9 KB
aws-sdk-net v4	100	1,588.49 μs	30.814 μs	34.250 μs	273.4375	85.9375	7.8125	2241.16 KB
aws-sdk-net v3	100	2,086.55 μs	40.579 μs	52.764 μs	359.3750	171.8750	-	2955.39 KB
EfficientDynamoDb	1000	1,722.97 μs	12.569 μs	11.142 μs	138.6719	50.7813	1.9531	1146.54 KB
aws-sdk-net v4	1000	28,825.13 μs	556.284 μs	742.623 μs	2968.7500	1281.2500	718.7500	22093.99 KB
aws-sdk-net v3	1000	35,361.47 μs	583.878 μs	624.743 μs	3666.6667	1200.0000	933.3333	29340.04 KB